Surely there is some mistake. Please be aware that this might heavily reduce the functionality and appearance of our site. 20. It means ‘he laughs’. The verses assure Serpent that he would have a battle on three different levels. Adam and Eve were clothed with a garment that was purchased with the life of another. Adam and Eve transgress the Divine command, and fall into sin and misery. Commentary on Genesis 1:3-5 (Read Genesis 1:3-5) God said, Let there be light; he willed it, and at once there was light. hid themselves amongst the trees of the garden--Shame, remorse, fear--a sense of guilt--feelings to which they had hitherto been strangers disordered their minds and led them to shun Him whose approach they used to welcome. How beautifully expressive are these words of the familiar and condescending manner in which He had hitherto held intercourse with the first pair. We are clothed with a garment of righteousness that was purchased with the life of another, Jesus Christ. Already fallen, he was to be still more degraded and his power wholly destroyed by the offspring of those he had deceived. 4. 8. they heard the voice of the Lord God walking in the garden--The divine Being appeared in the same manner as formerly--uttering the well-known tones of kindness, walking in some visible form (not running hastily, as one impelled by the influence of angry feelings). They were the same figures as were afterwards in the tabernacle and temple; and now, as then, God said, "I will commune with thee from above the mercy seat, from between the two cherubims" ( Exodus 25:22 ). But now, in Genesis 3:14-19, every area of blessing is impacted by God’s judgement on sin. yea, hath God said?--Is it true that He has restricted you in using the fruits of this delightful place? He insinuated a doubt as to her sense of the divine will and appeared as an angel of light ( 2 Corinthians 11:14 ), offering to lead her to the true interpretation. Our use of these terms is not merely cultural, it is Biblical. gave me--He blames God [CALVIN]. “Any angel of the lowest rank could have dealt with Adam. Click to enable/disable Google reCaptcha. This passage contains the examination of the transgressors, Genesis 3:8-13; the sentence pronounced upon each, Genesis 3:14-19; and certain particulars following thereupon, Genesis 3:20-21. But these reptiles were at first, probably, far superior in beauty as well as in sagacity to what they are in their present state. of Formed, at first, in our image to know good and evil--how sad his condition now. We may request cookies to be set on your device. What a mournful chapter this is in the history of man! Genesis 3:3 "But of the fruit of the tree which [is] in the midst of the garden, God hath said, Ye shall not eat of it, neither shall ye touch it, lest ye die." Though Adam and Eve and their descendants were prevented from eating the fruit of the tree of life (by God’s mercy), they could still come there to meet God. 1. the serpent--The fall of man was effected by the seductions of a serpent.That it was a real serpent is evident from the plain and artless style of the history and from the many allusions made to it in the New Testament. Our good works are like monopoly money – great for monopoly, but not legal tender. Genesis 6:3 Parallel Verses [⇓ See commentary ⇓] Genesis 6:3, NIV: "Then the LORD said, 'My Spirit will not contend with humans forever, for they are mortal; their days will be a hundred and twenty years.'" From the beginning of this scene — before we arrive at the articulated differences between God and the humans … Continue reading "Commentary on Genesis 3… From being a model of grace and elegance in form, it has become the type of all that is odious, disgusting, and low [LE CLERC, ROSENMULLER]; or the curse has converted its natural condition into a punishment; it is now branded with infamy and avoided with horror; next, on the spiritual serpent, the seducer. The Lamb of God has made for us a garment which covers our nakedness so that we are not afraid to stand even before the bar of God.” (Spurgeon). Genesis 3:15 Parallel Verses [⇓ See commentary ⇓] Genesis 3:15, NIV: "And I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your offspring and hers; he will crush your head, and you will strike his heel.'" Adam called his wife's name Eve--probably in reference to her being a mother of the promised Saviour, as well as of all mankind. Genesis 3:1-5.THE TEMPTATION. c. And clothed them: This, together with the expression of faith in God’s promise indicated in the naming of Eve (Genesis 3:20), indicates that Adam and Eve were rescued from their sinful condition. Biblical Commentary Genesis 2:15-17; 3:1-7 EXEGESIS: GENESIS 2:4b-14. Oh, the power of the word of God! The story of this chapter is perhaps as sad a story (all things considered) as any we have in all the Bible. Genesis 3 Commentary. Adam and Eve Sin in the Garden of Eden. This does not mean God did not have a name for Eve, but we are told what the name is in Genesis 5:2: He called them Mankind . 2. the woman said, We may eat of the fruit of the trees of the garden--In her answer, Eve extolled the large extent of liberty they enjoyed in ranging at will amongst all the trees--one only excepted, with respect to which, she declared there was no doubt, either of the prohibition or the penalty. . Due to security reasons we are not able to show or modify cookies from other domains. God made coats of skins--taught them to make these for themselves. (9-13) The serpent cursed, The promised Seed. The tempter was the devil, in the shape and likeness of a serpent. Since these providers may collect personal data like your IP address we allow you to block them here. It is no part of my purpose to enter on the critical questions connected with the story of ‘the fall.’ Whether it is a legend, purified and elevated, or not, is of less consequence than what is its moral and religious significance, and that significance is unaffected by the answer to the former question. Also he made him a tunic of many colors. 4 But when his brothers saw that their father loved him more than all his brothers, they hated him and could not speak peaceably to him. ‘At the time that God had promised.’ (See Genesis 18:10.) The following commentary may also be downloaded as a PDF. But the material serpent was the instrument or tool of a higher agent, Satan or the devil, to whom the sacred writers apply from this incident the reproachful name of "the dragon, that old serpent" [ Revelation 20:2 ]. c. The LORD God sent him out of the garden of Eden: We don’t know if Adam and Eve wanted to stay in the garden of Eden. Dominion over the earth now becomes dangerous [3:15], and difficult [3:17-19]. Thus, fatal shall be the stroke which Satan shall receive from Christ, though it is probable he did not at first understand the nature and extent of his doom. But to this point, she was called a female (Genesis 1:27), a helper comparable (Genesis 2:18), a woman (Genesis 2:22, 23), and a wife (Genesis 2:24, 25; 3:8). in the cool of the day--literally, "the breeze of the day," the evening. The suit would probably be pressed on the grounds of an illegal eviction. more subtile--Serpents are proverbial for wisdom ( Matthew 10:16 ). When cherubim are represented on earth (such as in the tabernacle, Exodus 25:10-22), they mark a meeting place with God. Perhaps they felt if they left the garden, they might never see God again because it was the only place where they met Him. In verses 1-7, we see Eve being tempted by a serpent, which the author describes as crafty. Summary Chart of THE CONTEXT Scholars generally agree that there are two accounts of the creation. And God said, Behold, the man is become as one of us--not spoken in irony as is generally supposed, but in deep compassion. We provide you with a list of stored cookies on your computer in our domain so you can check what we stored. If you do not want that we track your visit to our site you can disable tracking in your browser here: We also use different external services like Google Webfonts, Google Maps, and external Video providers. Genesis: An Expositional Commentary. 1. the serpent--The fall of man was effected by the seductions of a serpent. And he built an altar there and called the place El Bethel, because the… Verse 3. 6. Genesis HOW SIN CAME IN Genesis 3:1 - Genesis 3:15. If nudity represented a higher, freer life, then God would have let Adam and Eve remain naked – but He clothed them. Boice is fair when it comes to treating points of view that differ from his own. At first glance the lectionary readings for the third Sunday after Pentecost in Year B appear disparate in their foci. 14. CHAPTER 3. We'll send you an email with steps on how to reset your password. (14,15) The punishment of mankind. ii. Expulsion from Eden. By proceeding, you consent to our cookie usage. All rights reserved. Your good works are essential to what it takes to live out your life, but they are not legal tender before God. As the woman had been given him for his companion and help, he had eaten of the tree from love to her; and perceiving she was ruined, was determined not to survive her [M'KNIGHT]. Or that may mean ‘in the east’. From being the help meet of man and the partner of his affections [ Genesis 2:18 Genesis 2:23 ], her condition would henceforth be that of humble subjection. This is the last historical mention of the garden of Eden in the Bible. Reading the Genesis 3 text in light of Jesus’ confrontations with people who thought he was “out of his mind,” focuses our attention on expectations about the relationships between God and humans, and humans and creation. “God gave His approval of the sense of shame which had led our first parents to cover their nakedness.” (Leupold). seed of the woman--the Messiah, or His Church [CALVIN, HENGSTENBERG]. In one sense her eyes were opened; for she acquired a direful experience of "good and evil"--of the happiness of a holy, and the misery of a sinful, condition. Adam may have so instructed her for her protection. Our reading follows the story of the creation of the world and the man (2:4b-14)—God’s instructions to the man regarding the trees from which he may and may not eat (2:15-18)—the creation of the woman as a partner for the man (2:18-24)—and the decision of the woman and the man to eat the forbidden fruit (3… 22. 3 vols. For this reason, women should take special care in which man they marry. 12. Sin brought death, and Jesus tasted death for everyone that we might be saved (Hebrews 2:9). This is not like one so good and kind. You can also change some of your preferences. . She was not even pregnant yet. Notes on the verses. The voice, we conceive, is the thunder of the approach of God and his call to Adam. Covering ourselves with our good works is like Adam and Eve trying to cover themselves with fig leaves. 1 Now the snake was the most cunning * of all the wild animals that the LORD God had made. Commentaries for Genesis Chapter 3 The serpent deceives Eve. Introduction. So Jacob came to Luz (that is, Bethel), which is in the land of Canaan, he and all the people who werewith him. 17-19. unto Adam he said--made to gain his livelihood by tilling the ground; but what before his fall he did with ease and pleasure, was not to be accomplished after it without painful and persevering exertion. The words should be rendered, "Behold, what has become [by sin] of the man who was as one of us"! Without shedding of blood there is no remission (Hebrews 9:22). God had chosen the name ‘Isaac’. Also for Adam and his wife the LORD God made tunics of skin, and clothed them. Biblical Commentary Genesis 3:8-19 EXEGESIS: GENESIS 2:4b—3:24. I will put enmity between thee and the woman--God can only be said to do so by leaving "the serpent and his seed to the influence of their own corruption; and by those measures which, pursued for the salvation of men, fill Satan and his angels with envy and rage." Genesis 3:15, ESV: "I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your offspring and her offspring; he shall bruise your head, and you shall bruise his heel.”" Perhaps there is a note of sarcasm by God here (as Elijah used in 1 Kings 18:27), regarding Satan’s empty promise to become like gods. i. We use cookies to let us know when you visit our websites, how you interact with us, to enrich your user experience, and to customize your relationship with our website. Now in chapter three we will encounter the man and woman in the Gar This was the mode of worship now established to show God's anger at sin and teach the mediation of a promised Saviour as the way of life, as well as of access to God. b. But he studiously concealed this result from Eve, who, fired with a generous desire for knowledge, thought only of rising to the rank and privileges of her angelic visitants. Verse 3 ‘Bitumen’ is a black stuff that people get from the ground. . But this will always prompt you to accept/refuse cookies when revisiting our site. You are free to opt out any time or opt in for other cookies to get a better experience. Login or Create an Account. thou shalt bruise his heel--The serpent wounds the heel that crushes him; and so Satan would be permitted to afflict the humanity of Christ and bring suffering and persecution on His people. i. Or, perhaps the idea focuses on man’s greater knowledge (though in a bad sense) now that he has the experiential knowledge of evil. And take also of the tree of life, and eat, and live forever: In mercy, God protected Adam and Eve from the horrible fate of having to live forever as sinners by preventing them from eating from the tree of life. Genesis 3:4-5 Satan knows that if they obey God and don’t take of the forbidden fruit, then they would be lost to his evil schemes, so “the serpent said to the woman, “You will not surely die. 5. your eyes shall be opened--His words meant more than met the ear. The woman . a. Adam called his wife’s name Eve: Up to Genesis 3:20, the woman has never been called Eve. He said--There being in the pure bosoms of the first pair no principle of evil to work upon, a solicitation to sin could come only from "without," as in the analogous case of Jesus Christ ( Matthew 4:3 ); and as the tempter could not assume the human form, there being only Adam and Eve in the world, the agency of an inferior creature had to be employed. And then Cain too went towards the east. 24. placed . Behold, the man has become like one of Us, to know good and evil: The idea behind this phrase is difficult to understand. Otherwise you will be prompted again when opening a new browser window or new a tab. Later in the Bible, in the book of Revelation, this serpent is identified as Satan. When preaching this text, the preacher’s first task is to de-familiarize the story. The idea that the woman takes her name from the husband, and the idea that both genders are encompassed in terms like mankind, humanity, and chairman. The tempter, perceiving this, became bolder in his assertions. Because these cookies are strictly necessary to deliver the website, refuseing them will have impact how our site functions. Genesis 3 describes the rebellion of Adam and Eve against God and the immediate consequences of that rebellion. Now complete, this study deals fairly with the numerous difficulties expositors face as they seek to interpret this portion of God's Word. The later account (but first in the biblical sequence) is 1:1—2:4a, and the earlier account is 2:4b-14, which forms the foundation for our text this Chapter 3. Satan assaulted our first parents, to draw them to sin, and the temptation proved fatal to them... View the entire commentary. A woman gains more of her identity from her husband than the man does from the wife. Please enter your email address associated with your Salem All-Pass account, then click Continue. You always can block or delete cookies by changing your browser settings and force blocking all cookies on this website. Commentary on Genesis 3:8-15 View Bible Text . 21. There are only two religions; there is the religion of fig leaves and there is the religion of God’s perfect provision through Jesus. i. God said that all the people in the world would receive a *blessing by means of Abram (Genesis 12:3). (See Genesis 17:19.) The Promise of Salvation (Gn 3:15). 1. Updated: Sat, 06/13/2020 - 11:38 By admin. And now, lest he put out his hand and take also of the tree of life, and eat, and live forever”—therefore the LORD God sent him out of the garden of Eden to till the ground from which he was taken. Bible Commentary Genesis 3. Changes will take effect once you reload the page. The serpent tempts Eve to eat the forbidden fruit, and Adam soon followed.God cursed the serpent, and the ground for Adam, and both he and Eve were forced to leave the Garden of Eden. Proud member The man and woman will be deceived by the serpent and rebel against their Creator. The flaming sword was pointed against Satan to keep him from destroying the way of access to the altar, which God had set up.” (Barnhouse). Commentary on Genesis (3) The Story of Cain and Abel (Genesis 4.1 - 5.1a) 4.1 - 16. Satan, by means of a creature here called the serpent, deceives Eve, Gen 3:1-5.Both she and Adam transgress the Divine command, and fall into sin and misery, Gen 3:6, Gen 3:7.They are summoned before God, and judged, Gen 3:8-13.The creature called the serpent is degraded and punished, Gen 3:14.The promise of redemption by the incarnation of Christ, Gen 3:15. Add to my study list. And in the new creation, the first thing that is wrought in the soul is light: the blessed Spirit works upon the will and affections by … Click on the different category headings to find out more. “And after all,” we would be told, “this alleged sinful act was performed in the privacy of the garden, and by two consenting adults.” But most of all we would be … God had promised that Sarah would have a … © Copyright - Enduring Word       |      . THE CONTEXT. These cookies collect information that is used either in aggregate form to help us understand how our website is being used or how effective our marketing campaigns are, or to help us customize our website and application for you in order to enhance your experience. The serpent deceives Eve. cherbim--The passage should be rendered thus: "And he dwelt between the cherubim at the East of the Garden of Eden and a fierce fire, or Shekinah, unfolding itself to preserve the way of the tree of life." Genesis. A. This first Messianic prophecy comes in a most unlikely place—in the context of a curse upon Serpent. 19. till thou return unto the ground--Man became mortal; although he did not die the moment he ate the forbidden fruit, his body underwent a change, and that would lead to dissolution; the union subsisting between his soul and God having already been dissolved, he had become liable to all the miseries of this life and to the pains of hell for ever. Genesis 3 (The Fall/Curse): In the first two chapters of the Bible we read about the beginnings of all things in the natural world. So He drove out the man; and He placed cherubim at the east of the garden of Eden, and a flaming sword which turned every way, to guard the way to the tree of life. Satan, by means of a creature here called the serpent, deceives Eve, Genesis 3:1-5.Both she and Adam transgress the Divine command, and fall into sin and misery, Genesis 3:6, Genesis 3:7.They are summoned before God, and judged, Genesis 3:8-13.The creature called the serpent is degraded and punished, Genesis 3:14.The promise of redemption by the incarnation of Christ, Genesis 3… . i. Grand Rapids: Ministry Resources Library, 1982-87. ii. If you refuse cookies we will remove all set cookies in our domain. a. The history of every temptation, and of every sin, is the same; the outward object of attraction, the inward commotion of mind, the increase and triumph of passionate desire; ending in the degradation, slavery, and ruin of the soul ( 1:15 , 1 John 2:16 ). Though Moses makes no mention of this wicked spirit--giving only the history of the visible world--yet in the fuller discoveries of the Gospel, it is distinctly intimated that Satan was the author of the plot ( John 8:44 , 2 Corinthians 11:3 , 1 John 3:8 , 1 Timothy 2:14 , Revelation 20:2 ). But to this point, she was called a female (Genesis 1:27), a helper comparable (Genesis 2:18), a woman (Genesis 2:22, 23), and a wife (Genesis 2:24, 25; 3:8). Boice, James Montgomery. Commentary on Genesis 3:1-24 [From my book, The Women’s Lectionary, coming in October 2020 from Westminster John Knox Press.] We can speculate that God did not destroy it, but left it to the effects of the curse and suppose that it generally deteriorated from its original condition, blending into the surrounding geography. We are so used to saying “Adam and Eve” that we assume she already had her name. Now in chapter three we will encounter the man and woman in the Garden of Eden. Click to enable/disable Google Analytics tracking. b. Please see our Privacy Policy for cookie usage details. Genesis Chapter 3. d. He drove out the man; and He placed cherubim at the east of the garden of Eden: Cherubim are always associated with the presence and glory of God (Ezekiel 10, Isaiah 6, Revelation 4). A new character will come on the scene; the serpent. The LORD God made tunics of skin, and clothed them: God wanted Adam and Eve clothed, not naked. This implies the institution of animal sacrifice, which was undoubtedly of divine appointment, and instruction in the only acceptable mode of worship for sinful creatures, through faith in a Redeemer ( Hebrews 9:22 ). I would imagine that the American Civil Liberties Union would immediately file suit—against God and in defense of Eve and her husband (the order of the two is not accidental), Adam. Genesis 3 Resources. Click chart to enlarge cChart from recommended resource Jensen's Survey of the OT - used by permission Chart on Genesis - Charles Swindoll Another Overview Chart. Copyright © 2021, Bible Study Tools. CHAPTER 3. i. An animal had to die. Click to enable/disable _gat_* - Google Analytics Cookie. That it was a real serpent is evident from the plain and artless style of the history and from the many allusions made to it in the New Testament. Salem Media Group. b. Tunics of skin: In order for Adam and Eve to be clothed, a sacrifice had to be made. Article Images Copyright © 2021 Getty Images unless otherwise indicated. How foolish to think of eluding His notice ( Psalms 139:1-12 ). Food now becomes difficult to obtain [3:17-19]; survival becomes a heavy burden laid upon the man specifically, whereas in Genesis 1 the blessing of sustenance was a shared gift. Note that blocking some types of cookies may impact your experience on our websites and the services we are able to offer. It was evidently from her regarding him as specially sent on that errand, that, instead of being startled by the reptile's speaking, she received him as a heavenly messenger. gen 3:0. Then the LORD God said, “Behold, the man has become like one of Us, to know good and evil. And the Lord God said unto the serpent--The Judge pronounces a doom: first, on the material serpent, which is cursed above all creatures. “Not … touch it”: An addition to the original prohibition as recorded (Gen. 2:17). This does not mean God did not have a name for Eve, but we are told what the name is in Genesis 5:2: He called them Mankind. With a UCG.org account you will be able to save items to read and study later! Genesis 3:8-9. We fully respect if you want to refuse cookies but to avoid asking you again and again kindly allow us to store a cookie for that. ©2018 David Guzik – No distribution beyond personal use without permission. This sin of the first pair was heinous and aggravated--it was not simply eating an apple, but a love of self, dishonor to God, ingratitude to a benefactor, disobedience to the best of Masters--a preference of the creature to the Creator. unto the woman--the object of attack, from his knowledge of her frailty, of her having been but a short time in the world, her limited experience of the animal tribes, and, above all, her being alone, unfortified by the presence and counsels of her husband. it shall bruise thy head--The serpent's poison is lodged in its head; and a bruise on that part is fatal. And when the woman saw that the tree was good for food--Her imagination and feelings were completely won; and the fall of Eve was soon followed by that of Adam. a. Check to enable permanent hiding of message bar and refuse all cookies if you do not opt in. But there is reason to think that she had already received an injurious impression; for in using the words "lest ye die," instead of "ye shall surely die" [ Genesis 2:17 ], she spoke as if the tree had been forbidden because of some poisonous quality of its fruit. 10. afraid, because . Earlier, the *Lord sent Cain away. ii. Also he made him a tunic of many colors. (6-8) God calls upon Adam and Eve to answer. And they journeyed, and the terror of God was upon the cities that were all around them, and they did not pursue the sons of Jacob. The Fall. Satan's plan was to draw our first parents to sin, and so … naked--apparently, a confession--the language of sorrow; but it was evasive--no signs of true humility and penitence--each tries to throw the blame on another. iii. . If the fall of man were to have occurred in our times, one can hardly conceive of the consequences. Commentary on Genesis 3:1-5 (Read Genesis 3:1-5) Satan assaulted our first parents, to draw them to sin, and the temptation proved fatal to them. (16-19) The first clothing of mankind. And Adam called his wife’s name Eve, because she was the mother of all living. The dragon-serpent [BOCHART] seemed the fittest for the vile purpose; and the devil was allowed by Him who permitted the trial, to bring articulate sounds from its mouth. Genesis 3:15 has been called the Protevangelium, the first Gospel. GENESIS 37:3-5 3 Now Israel loved Joseph more than all his children, because he was the son of his old age. How astonishing the grace which at that moment gave promise of a Saviour and conferred on her who had the disgrace of introducing sin the future honor of introducing that Deliverer ( 1 Timothy 2:15 ). Verse 2 People moved ‘to the east’. 13. beguiled--cajoled by flattering lies. . The following cookies are also needed - You can choose if you want to allow them: You can read about our cookies and privacy settings in detail on our Privacy Policy Page. Click to enable/disable _ga - Google Analytics Cookie. This was their “holy of holies.” Therefore, it was important to send cherubim and a flaming sword to guard the way to the tree of life. 16. unto the woman he said, I will greatly multiply thy sorrow--She was doomed as a wife and mother to suffer pain of body and distress of mind. 15. thy seed--not only evil spirits, but wicked men. “Some creature had to die in order to provide them with garments, and you know who it is that died in order that we might be robed in his spotless righteousness. Ye shall not surely die--He proceeded, not only to assure her of perfect impunity, but to promise great benefits from partaking of it. Genesis 3 (The Fall/Curse):In the first two chapters of the Bible we read about the beginnings of all things in the natural world. Because she was the mother of all living: Adam named her Eve, even though she was not a mother at all at the time. In the foregoing chapters we have had the pleasant view of the holiness and happiness of our first parents, the grace and favour of God, and the peace and beauty of the whole creation, all good, very good; but here the scene is altered. You can check these in your browser security settings. Verse 4 ‘God had *commanded him.’ (See Genesis 17:10-12 and the comment.) Adam named her in faith, trusting God would bring forth a deliverer from the woman because God said He would defeat Satan through the Seed of the woman (Genesis 3:15). A verse by verse commentary on Genesis chapter 3 dealing with the fall of man. Genesis 3, Coffman Commentaries on the Bible, One of over 110 Bible commentaries freely available, this commentary, by the leading authority in the Church of Christ, presents a … and now, lest he put forth his hand, and take also of the tree of life--This tree being a pledge of that immortal life with which obedience should be rewarded, man lost, on his fall, all claim to this tree; and therefore, that he might not eat of it or delude himself with the idea that eating of it would restore what he had forfeited, the Lord sent him forth from the garden. “She was not a mother at all, but as the life was to come through her by virtue of the promised seed, Adam marks his full conviction of the truth of the promise though at the time the woman had borne no children.” (Spurgeon). Our website uses cookies to store user preferences. We will see Adam and Eve in heaven. We need 2 cookies to store this setting. Adam had faith in God’s promise of a Savior, and God provided a covering for them through a sacrifice. Verse 6. Click to enable/disable _gid - Google Analytics Cookie. The Sin of Cain TABLET III continued It is quite clear that this section once existed separately from Genesis 2-3. Posted on Feb 3, 2002 by Beyond Today Editor Estimated reading time: 5 minutes. (1-5) Adam and Eve transgress the Divine command, and fall into sin and misery. It gives the only true account of the origin of all the physical and moral evils that are in the world; upholds the moral character of God; shows that man, made upright, fell from not being able to resist a slight temptation; and becoming guilty and miserable, plunged all his posterity into the same abyss ( Romans 5:12 ).

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